论语 Analects of Confucius I

《论语》是孔子弟子及再传弟子言论的汇编，又称为论、语、传、记，是儒家重要的经典之一。由孔子门生及再传弟子集录整理，是研究孔子及儒家思想尤其是原始儒家思想的主要资料。
The Analects of Confucius (Traditional Chinese: 論語, Simplified Chinese: 论语, pinyin: Lún Yǔ), are a record of the words and acts of the central Chinese thinker Confucius and his disciples, as well as the discussions they held. The Chinese title literally means "discussion over [Confucius'] words."

Chapter 1, 学而
Verse 1 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知，而不愠，不亦君子乎？”
Modern: 孔子曰：“学过的知识能经常温习，不是很快乐吗？有共同研究学问的人从远方来，不是很快乐吗？你的学识不被人知，不为他人所理解，而心中没有半点怨恨和迁怒，不是很有修养的君子吗？”
English: Confucius said: "To learn and then practise it time and again is a pleasure, is it not? To have friends come from afar to share each other learning is a pleasure, is it not? To be unperturbed when not appreciated by others is gentlemanly, is it not?"
Verse 2 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 有子曰：“其为人也孝弟，而好犯上者，鲜矣；不好犯上，而好作乱者，未之有也。 君子务本，本立而道生。孝弟也者，其为仁之本与！”
Modern: 有子说：“为人孝顺悌爱而喜好冒犯在上的，很少见；不喜好冒犯在上者而喜好作乱的人，还从来没有过。君子致力于根本，根本确立了，事物的基本道理就形成了。孝顺悌爱大概是实行仁的根本要点吧！”
English: You Zi said "It is seldom seen that a man of filial piety and brotherly love would be inclined to offend those above. There has never been anyone who does not have the inclination to offend those above, inclined to create disorder. The gentleman should focus on its basics, once the basics are strong, the Way will take shape by itself. Thus, filial piety and brother love forms the roots of benevolence."
Verse 3 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“巧言令色，鲜矣仁！”
Modern: 孔子曰：“满口说着讨人喜欢的话，满脸装着讨人喜欢得面色，这样的人仁心就很少。”
English: Confucius said "A person who sweet-talk and pretentious does not have much benevolence."
Verse 4 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”
Modern: 曾子曰：“我每天常三次反省我自己。我替人谋事，没有尽我的心吗？我和朋友相交，又不信实的吗？我所传授于人的，有不是我自己所日常讲习的吗？
English: Zeng Zi said "Everyday I examine myself on three counts. In what I have undertaken on other's behalf, did I not I not do my best? In my dealings with friends, have I failed to be trustworthy in what I say? Have I failed to practise repeatedly what I have learned?
Verse 5 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“道千乘之国，敬事而信，节用而爱人，使民以时。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“领导一个能出千乘兵车的大国，临事该谨慎专一，又要能守信。该节省财用，以爱人为念。使用民力，要顾及他们的生产时间。
English: Confucius said "In leading a state of that is capable of sending a thousand chariots, approach your duty with reverrence and be trustworthy, keep expenditure under proper regulation and love your fellow men, consider the seasons before employing labor.
Verse 6 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“弟子入则孝，出则悌，谨而信，泛爱众，而亲仁。行有余力，则以学文。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“弟子在家则讲孝道，出门则尽弟职，言行当谨慎信实，对人当泛爱，而亲其有仁德者。如此修行有余力，再向书本文字上用心。”
English: Confucius said "At home, a young man should be a good son, when outside he should treat others like his brothers, his behavior should be one of trustworthy and proper, and should love the multitude at large and keep himself close to people of benevolence and morality. If after all these activities, he has any energy to spare, he should read widely to stay cultivated.
Verse 7 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子夏曰：“贤贤易色；事父母，能竭其力，事君，能致其身；与朋友交，言而有信。虽曰未学，吾必谓之学矣。”
Modern: 子夏曰：“一个人能好人之贤德胜过其好色之心，奉事父母能尽力，事君能奉身尽职，交友能有信，这样的人，纵使他自谦说未经学问，我必说他已有学问了。”
English: Zi Xia said " I would grant that a man is indeed schooled if he revered virtues instead of beauty, devoted in serving his parents, exert himself to the utmost in serving his lord, and behave with trustworthiness with his friends, even though he is said to be not schooled.
Verse 8 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“君子不重，则不威。学则不固。主忠信。无友不知己者。过则勿惮改。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“一个君子，不厚重，便不威严。能向学，可不固陋。行事当以忠信为主。莫和不如己的人交友。有了过失，不要怕更改。”
English: Confucius said "A gentleman not being steadfast is not able to command respect and his learning would not be sound. One should advocate loyalty and trustworthiness. Do not be friends with people who are not as good as you. When one makes a mistake, do not be afraid to correct it.
Verse 9 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 曾子曰：“慎终追远，民德归厚矣。”
Modern: 曾子曰：“对死亡者的送终之礼能谨慎，对死亡已久者能不断追思，这样能使社会风俗道德日趋于笃厚。”
English: Zeng Zi said "To be prudent in mourning, to remember those that has passed away, in this way the virtue of the people will be enhanced"
Verse 10 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子禽问于子贡曰：“夫子至于是邦也，必闻其政。求之与？抑与之与？”
子贡曰：“夫子温、良、恭、俭、让以得之。夫子之求之也，其诸异乎人之求之也！
Modern: 子禽问子贡曰：“老师来到一个国家，必预闻其国之政事，这是有心求到的呢？还是人家自愿给他的呢？”
子贡曰：“老师靠温和、良善、恭敬、节制、谦让的方式方法得知的。即使老师之求于人家，总该和其他人的求法不一样。
English: Zi Qin asked Zi Gong "When the Master arrives in a state, he invariably gets to know its politics. Did he seek this information or was it give to him?"
Zi Gong replied "The Master get it through being cordial, kind, courteous, modest, differential. The Master's way of enquiry should be different from others."
”
Verse 11 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“父在观其志，父没观其行；三年无改于父之道，可谓孝矣。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“父亲在，做儿子的只看他志向。父死了，该看他行为。在三年内能不改他父亲生时所为，这也算是孝了。”
English: Confucius said "Note the aspirations of the man during his father's lifetime, and the conduct of the man after his father's lifetime. If after three years, he still conduct in his father's way, he is said to be filial."
Verse 12 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 有子曰：“礼之用，和为贵。先王之道斯为美，小大由之。有所不行，知和而和，不以礼节之，亦不可行也。”
Modern: 有子说：“礼的作用，和谐最为贵重。先前有道德的帝王的处事准则就以此为美，大小事情都会遵循它。有的事情虽然知道它也很和谐，但没有这么做，是因为这些事情如果没有礼来约束的话，也是不可行的。
English: You Zi said "Of the things brought about by the rites, harmony is the most valuable. Previous Kings try to bring harmony in matters big and small. But there are some matters that we know can bring about harmony but was not done. This is because they are not regulated by rites.
Verse 13 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 有子曰：“信近于义，言可复也。恭近于礼，远耻辱也。因不失其亲，亦可宗也。”
Modern: 有子曰：“守信接近义，说话就经得起检验。恭敬接近礼，就能远离耻辱。如果能不失去对于 「信、恭」的亲近，也是可以被尊崇。
English: You Zi said "To be Trustworthiness is close to being moral and it enables one's words to be trusted. To be respectful is close to being observant of rites and it enables one to be far away from disgrace and insult. Thereby those that are trustworthy and consistently observe rites, will be respected by others.
Verse 14 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“君子，饮食不求饱，居处不求安，敏疾地做事，谨慎地说话，又能常向有道之人来辨正自己的是非，这可算是好学了”
English: Confucius said "The gentleman does not seek to satiate himself in eating, does not seek ease in living, quick in action, cautious in his speech and always use others who has achieved the high morality to put himself right. He can be seen as conscientious in his learning"
Verse 15 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子贡曰：“贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如？”
子曰：“可也。未若贫而乐，富而好礼者也。”
子贡曰：“《诗》云：‘如切如磋，如琢如磨’，其斯之谓与？”
子曰：“赐也，始可与言《诗》已矣。告诸往而知来者。”
Modern: 子贡曰：“ 贫人能不谄, 富人能不骄,如何呀？”
孔子曰：“这也算好了，但不如贫能乐道，富而知好礼，那就更好了。”
子贡曰：“诗经上曾说过：象切呀，磋呀，琢呀，磨呀，不就是这意思吗？”
孔子曰：“赐呀！像这样，才可和你谈诗了。告诉你这里，你能知道到那里。”
English: Zi Gong ask Confucius:"Poor without obsequious,1 wealthy without being arrogant, what is your thoughts on this?"
Confucius replied:"This is good but being poor but happy, being wealthy but devoted to following rites is better."
Zi Gong argued:"The Odes says, 'like bones cut, like horn polished, like jades cut, like stone ground.' Is this what it means"
Confucius said:"Zi Gong, now I can begin to discuss The Odes with you because you are able to understand, deduce and imply what is being taught."
Verse 16 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 1
Original: 子曰：“不患人之不己知，患不知人也。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“不要愁别人不知我，该愁我不知人。”
English: Confucius said:"Do not be concerned about others not appreciating you. Be concerned about you not appreciating others."

Chapter 2, 为政
Verse 1 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星共之。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“为政以己德为主，譬如天上北辰，安居其所，众星围绕归向着它而旋转。
English: One must rule with virtue and moral as the main consideration, like the North Star staying in its place and other stars revolve around it.
Verse 2 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“《诗》三百，一言以蔽之，曰：‘思无邪。’”
Modern: 孔子曰：“诗经三百首，可把其中一句诗来包括尽，即是『思无邪』”
English: Confucius said:" The Odes has three hundred verses, but to use one sentence to describe the essence of it is 'Think No Evil'"
Verse 3 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻。道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“用政治来领导人，用刑法来整齐人，人可避免刑罚但无可耻之心。若把德来领导人，把礼来整齐人。人人将感有可耻之心，自能真确地到达在上者所要他们到达的方向去。”
English: Confucius said:"Lead through policies, discipline through punishments, people may be restrained but without a sense of shame. Lead through virtue, discipline through rites, and there will be a sense of shame and conscientiously improve."
Verse 4 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”
Modern: 孔子曰：“我十五岁时，始有志于学。到三十岁能坚定自立了。到四十，我对一切道理，能通达不再有疑惑。到五十，我能知道什么是天命了。到六十，凡我一切听到的，都能明白贯通，不再感到于心有违逆。到七十，我只放任我心所欲，也不会有逾越规矩法度之处了。”
English: Confucius said:"When I am fifteen, I aspired to learn. At thirty, I can be independent. At forty, I am not deluded. At fifty, I knew my destiny. At sixty, I knew truth in all I heard. At seventy, I could follow my heart's desire without overstepping the line."
Verse 5 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 孟懿子问孝，子曰：“无违。”
樊迟御，子告之曰：“孟孙问孝于我，我对曰，无违。”
樊迟曰：“何谓也？”
子曰：“生，事之以礼；死，葬之以礼，祭之以礼。”
Modern: 孟懿子问：“怎样是孝道？” 孔子曰：“不要违逆。”
一日，樊迟为孔子御车，孔子告诉他，曰：“孟孙问我孝道，我答他不要违逆了。”
樊迟曰：“这是什么意思呀？” 孔子曰：“父母生时，当以礼奉事。死了，以葬礼，以礼祭。”
English: Meng Yi Zi ask Confucius about filial piety and Confucius replied:"Never fail to comply."
One day, Fan Chi was driving. Confucius tell him the conversation between Meng Yi Zhi and Confucius. Fan Chi, after hearing the story ask Confucius what does the answer mean. Confucius replied:" Never fail to comply with the rites in serving your parents. When they die, never fail to comply with the rites of burying and offering sacrifices."
Verse 6 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 孟武伯问孝。子曰：“父母唯其疾之忧。”
Modern: 孟武伯问：“什么是孝道？” 孔子答：“让你的父母只忧虑你的疾病。”
English: Meng Wu Bo ask about filial piety and Confucius replied him:"To make their own health, their only worry."
Verse 7 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子游问孝。子曰：“今之孝者，是谓能养。至于犬马，皆能有养。不敬，何以别乎？”
Modern: 子游问：“怎样是孝道？” 孔子说：“现在人只把能养父母便算孝了。就是犬马，一样能有人养着。没有对父母一片敬心，又在何处作分别呀！”
English: Zi You asked about filial piety. Confucius replied:"Nowadays to provide for parents is considered to be filial. Similar to dogs and horses, they are also provided for by people as well. Without the respect for your parents, is there any difference?"
Verse 8 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子夏问孝。子曰：“色难。有事，弟子服其劳；有酒食，先生馔，曾是以为孝乎？”
Modern: 子夏问：“怎样是孝道？” 孔子说：“难在子女的容颜1上 。若遇有事，由年幼的超劳，有了酒食，先让年老吃，就可称作孝了吗？”
English: Zi Xia asked about filial piety. Confucius replied:"What is difficult is to manage our facial expression when we are with our parents. Taking on the burden when there is work to do,let the elders enjoy the food and wine first, all these can be considered filial?"
Verse 9 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“吾与回言，终日不违，如愚。退而省其私，亦足以发，回也不愚。”
Modern: 孔子说：“我和颜回言，整日他没有反问，像愚鲁人一般。待他退下，我省查他的私人言行，对我所言，甚能发挥。回呀！他实是不愚！”
English: Confucius said:"I conversed with Yan Hui and throughout the conversation, he did not ask, disagree or contradict, similar to someone who is slow to learn. But in private, his actions reflect what we have conversed, he is indeed not stupid at all."
Verse 10 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“视其所以，观其所由，察其所安，人焉廋哉？人焉廋哉？”
Modern: 孔子说：“要观察他因何做这一事，再观察他如何般去做，再观察他做此事时心情如何，安于不安。如此般观察，那人再向何处藏匿呀！那人再向何处藏匿呀！
English: Confucius said:"Look into his motives, his course of actions and also observe whether he is at ease with himself when doing it. Such is the way to see his true character."
Verse 11 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“能从温习旧知识中开悟出新知，乃可作为人师了。”
English: Confucius said:"One is worthy of being or becoming a teacher if one is able to derive new understanding while revising what he has learned."
Verse 12 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“君子不器。”
Modern: 孔子说：“一个君子不像样一个器具。”
English: Confucius said:"A gentleman is no vessel1.
Verse 13 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子贡问君子。子曰：“先行其言，而后从之。”
Modern: 子贡问如何才是君子。孔子答：“君子做事在说话前，然后才照他做的说。”
English: Zi Gong ask about being a gentleman. Confucius replied:"He puts into effect his words before allowing them to follow the deed"
Verse 14 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“君子周而不比，小人比而不周。”
Modern: 孔子说：“君子周全而不偏私，小人偏私而不周全。”
English: Confucius said:" A gentleman encompasses all and impartial. The non-gentleman is partial and does not encompass all."
Verse 15 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“学而不思，则罔；思而不学，则殆。”
Modern: 孔子说：“只顾学习，不多加思考，终究迷惘。只顾思考，不多加学习，那又危殆。
English: Confucius said:"To learn without thinking, one will be lost in his learning. To think without learning, one will be imperilled."
Verse 16 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“攻乎异端，斯害也已。”
Modern: 孔子说：“攻击反对的一方，也会害到自己。”
English: Confucius said:"To attack those that oppose, you may end up hurting yourself as well."
Verse 17 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“由，诲女知之乎!知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也！”
Modern: 孔子说：“仲由，我教你怎样才算是『知道』吧！知道就是知道，不知道就是不知道，这样可称作为『知道』！
English: Confucius said:"Zhong You, I shall teach you what is 'knowing'. It is to acknowledge what is known as known and what is not known as not known. Now that is 'knowing'."
Verse 18 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子张学干禄。子曰：“多闻阙疑，慎言其余，则寡尤；多见阙殆，慎行其余，则寡悔。言寡尤，行寡悔，禄在其中矣。”
Modern: 子张问如何求禄士。孔子说：“多听别人说话，把你觉得可疑的放在一旁，其余的，也要谨慎地说，便少过。多看别人行事，把你觉得不安的，放在一旁，其余的，也要谨慎地行，便少悔。说话少过失，行事少后悔，谋求禄士之道，就在这里面了。
English: Zi Zhang ask how can one be an official. Confucius replied:" Listen extensively what people say and cast away doubts, repeat those that you do not doubt with caution and you will make less mistakes. Observe extensively how people does things and cast away those that you will feel uneasy, put the rest into practice with caution and you will have few regrets. To make few mistakes in speech and have few regrets in action;there in lies the official career."
Verse 19 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 哀公问曰：“何为则民服？”孔子对曰：“举直错诸枉，则民服；举枉错诸直，则民不服。”
Modern: 鲁哀公问：“如何使民众服从？”孔子对道：“举用正直的。放置在邪曲的上面，民众便服了。举用邪曲的，放置在正直的上面，民众便不服。”
English: Duke Ai asked:"What must I do before the commoners will follow me?" Confucius replied:"Elevate the honest and righteous above evildoers and the commoners will follow. Elevate the evildoers above the honest and righteous, the commoners will not follow."
Verse 20 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 季康子问：“使民敬、忠以劝，如之何？”子曰：“临之以庄，则敬；孝慈，则忠；举善而教不能，则劝。”
Modern: 季康子问：“如何可使民众敬其上，忠其上，并肯加倍努力呀？”孔子答：“你对他们庄重，他们自会敬你。你让他们能孝其老，慈其幼，他们自会忠于你。你拔用他们中间的善人，并教导他们中间不能的人，他们自会互相劝勉，加倍努力了。”
English: Ji Kang Zi ask:"How can we instil respect, loyalty and motivation in the people?" Confucius replied:" Treat them with respect and they will respect you. Allow them to practice filial piety and respect their elders, and be compassionate to the young, then they will be loyal to you. Elevate those that are highly skilled, teach those that are not skilled, they will motivate each other to do their utmost."
Verse 21 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 或谓孔子曰：“子奚不为政？”子曰：“《书》云：‘孝乎惟孝，友于兄弟，施于有政。’是亦为政，奚其为为政？”
Modern: 有人问孔子：“先生为何不从事政治呀？”孔子答：“古书里有两句话说:‘孝阿！真是孝阿！又能友爱及你的兄弟。’只要在家施行孝弟正当有条理，那也是从事政治了。何必要做官才算参政？”
English: Someone asked Confucius:"Why do you not take part in Government?" Confucius replied:"One ancient book says:'One is said to practice governance when he is able to practice filial piety and show brotherly love to his friends' So what need is there for me to take part in Government?"
Verse 22 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“人而无信，不知其可也。大车无輗，小车无軏，其何以行之哉？”
Modern: 孔子说：“人如果没有信用，不知他还能做什么。就如大车没有輗，小车没有軏，车子又怎能行呢？”
English: Confucius said:"A man that is not trustworthy cannot accomplished much. He is liken to a large cart without a pin in the yoke-bar, a small cart without a collar bar. In both situation, how both carts can move?"
Verse 23 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子张问：“十世可知也？”
子曰：“殷因于夏礼，所损益，可知也；周因于殷礼，所损益，可知也。其或继周者，虽百世，可知也。”
Modern: 子张问：“十世以后的事，可预知也？”
孔子答：“殷代因承袭于夏代礼仪，现在仍可考而知个中得失；周代因承袭于殷代礼仪，现在亦可考而知个中得失；将来有继周而起的，纵使一百世之久，我们也该可以预知。”
English: Zi Zhang:"Are we able to foresee the next ten generation?"
Confucius replied:"The Yin inherited the rites of Xia Dynasty, their gains and loss can be see in the records. The Zhou inherited the rites of the Yin Dynasty, and we can see what are the gains and loss. The future of whoever that succeeds the Zhou, can thus be seen for hundred generations to come."
Verse 24 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 2
Original: 子曰：“非其鬼而祭之，谄也。见义不为，无勇也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“不是你当祭的鬼你去祭，那就是谄媚。遇见合乎义理的事情你却不去做，那就是没勇气。”
English: Confucius said:"To make offerings to deceased that you do not need to is to be a debased flatterer. To know what is right and not do it is to be without courage."

Chapter 3. 八佾
Verse 1 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 孔子谓季氏八佾舞于庭: “是可忍也，孰不可忍也。”
Modern: 季孙氏在他家庙的庭中使用了周天子八八六十四的舞蹈行列，孔子说：“这等事，他都忍心去做，还有什么事他不忍心做。”
English: Ji Sun had eight rows of eight dancers1 performed in his courtyard. Confucius said:"If he dares to do such thing, what other things he would not do?"
Verse 2 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 三家（一）者以《雍》（二）彻。子曰：“‘相维辟公，天子穆穆’（三），奚取于三家之堂？”
Modern: 孟孙、叔孙、季孙这三家也唱《雍》诗来结束祭祀。孔子说：“『相维辟公，天子穆穆』用在三家厅堂，又有何意义？”
English: The three leading families of Lu1 concluded their rites with "Yong" 2. Confucius said:" 'In attendance is the great lord, In solemn dignity was the emperor' What application has this to the halls of the three families."
Verse 3 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“人而不仁，如礼何？人而不仁，如乐何？”
Modern: 孔子说：“人心若没有了仁，礼仪制度又有何用？人心若没有了仁，音乐又有何用？”
English: Confucius said:"If a man is not benevolence, of what use are the rites? If a man is not benevolence, of what use is music?"
Verse 4 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 林放问礼之本。子曰：“大哉问！礼，与其奢也，宁俭。丧，与其易也，宁戚。”
Modern: 林放问礼仪的根本。孔子答：“问得真好！礼节，与其奢侈，宁可俭朴。丧礼，与其费心治理，宁可哀戚。”
English: Lin Fang ask what is the basis of rites. Confucius said:"An excellent question indeed. For rites, it is better to be modest than lavish. For funeral, it is better to be grieving than to be meticulous.
Verse 5 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“夷狄之有君，不如诸夏之亡也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“夷(一)狄(二)即使有君主，仍不如夏(三)族无君主的时候。
English: Confucius said:"The barbaric tribes with their rulers are inferior to Chinese states without rulers."
Verse 6 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 季氏旅于泰山。子谓冉有曰：“女弗能救与？”对曰：“不能。”子曰：“呜呼！曾谓泰山不如林放乎？”
Modern: 季孙氏去祭泰山(一)。孔子问冉有(二)：“你不能阻止吗？” 冉有答：“不能。” 孔子叹息道：“唉！难道泰山神会不如林放？”
English: Ji Sun was making a pilgrimage to Tai Mountain(1). Confucius asked Ran You(2):"Can't you save the situation?" Ran You replied:" No, I can't." Confucius sighed:"Alas, is Mount Tai not as good in comparison to Lin Fang?"
Verse 7 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“君子无所争，必也射乎！揖让而升，下而饮。其争也君子。”
Modern: 孔子说：“君子对人没有什么好争，除了比射箭。比箭登堂时，拱手敬礼，下堂后一起饮酒。此乃君子之争。”
English: Confucius said, "There is no contention between gentlemen. The nearest to it is, perhaps, archery. In archery, they bow and make way for one another as they go up and on coming down they drink together. This is the way gentlemen contend."
Verse 8 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子夏问曰：“‘巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮，素以为绚兮’何谓也？”子曰：“绘事后素。”曰：“礼后乎？”子曰：“起予者商也，始可与言《诗》已矣。”
Modern: 子夏问孔子：“「巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮(一)，素以为绚兮(二)」, 是什么意识？” 孔子答：“如同，素图在先，绘画在后。” 子夏回：“那礼是后起之事？” 孔子道：“子夏，好一个引子。看来已经可以和你谈论《诗经》了”
English: Zi Xia asked Confucius:"What is meant by 'Pretty Smiles Entice,Beautiful Eyes Enchant(1),Whiting Before Colour'?" Confucius replied:"'There is first the plain silk. The colours come afterwards.'" "Does the practice of the rites likewise come afterwards?" Confucius said:"What a good way of looking at it. Zi Xia, I believe I can discuss The Odes with you."
Verse 9 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“夏礼吾能言之，杞不足征也；殷礼吾能言之，宋不足征也。文献不足故也。足，则吾能征之矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“我可叙述夏代礼仪制度，但是杞(一)国不能为我所说的作真证明。我可叙述殷代礼仪制度，但是宋(二)国不能为我所说的作真证明。这是因为杞、宋两国现存的典籍和贤人皆不足。否则，我就能证明我所说得。”
English: Confucius said:"I am able to describe the rites of Xia, but Qi(1) is not able to verify. I am able to describe the rites of Yin Shang, but Song(2) is not able to verify. They do not have enough records and learned scholars, or else I what I describe could be verified."
Verse 10 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“禘自既灌(二)而往者，吾不欲观之矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“我对禘(一)礼，只待香酒初献灌之后，便不想看下去了。”
English: Confucius said:"At the 'Ti'(1) rites, I wish to see through no further after the libation(2).
Verse 11 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 或问禘之说。子曰：“不知也。知其说者之于天下也，其如示诸斯乎！”指其掌。
Modern: 有人问孔子关于禘(一)礼的意思。孔子答：“我不知呀！若有能知禘礼的意思，那他对整个天下，就有如摆在这儿呀！” 边说边指着手掌。
English: Someone asked Confucius what is the meaning of the 'Ti'(1) rites. Confucius replied:" I do not know the meaning. He who knows the meaning of the rites would be able to understand everything like the back of his hand.", pointing to his palm while saying this.
Verse 12 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 祭如在，祭神如神在。子曰：“吾不与祭，如不祭。”
Modern: 孔子祭祖时，就像祖先在面前，祭神时，就像神明在面前。孔子说：“我祭祀时如果没有这种感觉，就如同没有祭祀。”
English: When Confucius is making ancestral offerings,it is as though their presence is felt. When he is making sacrificial offerings to the gods, it is as though their presence is felt. Confucius said:"It is as if I did not make any offerings, if their presence is not felt at all."
Verse 13 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 王孙贾问曰：“与其媚于奥，宁媚于灶，何谓也？”子曰：“不然！获罪于天，无所祷也。”
Modern: 王孙贾(一)问道：“「与其讨好奥(二)，不如讨好灶神」是什么意识？” 孔子答：“不是这样的。你若得罪了上天，作再多的祷告也没用的。”
English: Wang Sun Jia (1) asked:"What is meant by 'Rather flatter the god of kitchen than the god of main chamber'?" Confucius replied:"You should not think this way. He who offends Heaven has none whom he can pray to."
Verse 14 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“周监于二代，郁郁乎文哉！吾从周。”
Modern: 孔子说：“周代看到了夏殷两代的演进，它的一切制度礼乐文章，何等美胜呀！我遵从周代制度。”
English: Confucius said:"The heritage of the Zhou is from the Xia and the Yin Shang Dynasty. How literature has flourish beautifully from them! I advocate the Zhou."
Verse 15 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子入太庙，每事问。或曰：“孰谓鄹人之子知礼乎？入太庙，每事问。”子闻之，曰：“是礼也。”
Modern: 孔子初进太庙，遇事辄问。有人说：“这位居鄹(一)邑的年轻人知礼否，跑来太庙，什么都要问。”孔子听到了，说：“这就是礼仪。”
English: On entering the Grand Temple, Confucius asked about everything that was inside. Someone asked:"Who say this person from Zou (1) understands the rites? On entering the Grand Temple, he asked about everything." On hearing this, Confucius replied:" This is in accordance to the rites."
Verse 16 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“射不主皮，为力不同科，古之道也。
Modern: 孔子说：“比较射艺，不在于能否射穿皮革，因为各人体力有所不同；这是自古以来的道理。”
English: Confucius said:"In archery, the point of contention does not lie in piercing the hide.It has been the way since ancient times."
Verse 17 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子贡欲去告朔之饩羊。子曰：“赐也！尔爱其羊，我爱其礼。
Modern: 子贡想免去行告朔(一)礼时用来献祭的活羊。孔子说：“端木赐(二)呀！你爱惜那头羊，我爱惜那一礼。”
English: Zi Gong with to dispense with the sacrifice of live goat for the lunar offering(1). Confucius said:"Duan Mu Ci(2),you value the goat, I value the rites."
Verse 18 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“事君尽礼，人以为谄也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“尽依礼仪侍奉君主，反让世人说他是谄媚。”
English: Confucius said:"In serving the lord, the rites were adhered to but others take it as debased flattery."
Verse 19 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 定公问：“君使臣，臣事君，如之何？”孔子对曰：“君使臣以礼，臣事君以忠。”
Modern: 定公(一)问：“君主应该怎样使唤臣民，臣民又应该怎样侍奉君主？”孔子对道：“君主应该以礼使唤臣民，臣民应该以忠侍奉君主。”
English: Duke Ding of Lu(1) asked Confucius:"How should the ruler employ the services of his subjects, how should a subject serve his ruler?" Confucius replied:"The ruler should employ the services of his subjects in accordance to rites. Subjects should serve his ruler with loyalty."
Verse 20 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“《关睢》，乐而不淫，哀而不伤。”
Modern: 孔子说：“《关睢》(一)，有欢乐，但不致于放荡，有悲哀，但不致于伤损
English: Confucius said:"'Guan Sui' (1) express joy but not debaunchery, sorrow but not morbid."
Verse 21 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 哀公问社于宰我。宰我对曰：“夏后氏以松，殷人以柏，周人以栗。”曰：“使民战栗。”子闻之曰：“成事不说，遂事不谏，既往不咎。”
Modern: 哀公问宰我(一)关于立社(二)之事。宰我答道：“夏后氏以松树，殷人以柏树，周人以栗树，说明是要使人民战栗。”孔子闻之，说：“已经完成的事，不必再谈论；正在进行的事，不必再谏阻；已经过去的事，不必再追究。”
English: Duke Ai (1) asked Zai Wo (2) about the altar for Earth God. Zai Wo replied:"The Xia used pine tree, the Yin Shang used cypress while the Zhou used chestnut tree, meaning to instil fear into people." Confucius on hearing this said:"Things that are done, it is needless to speak about. Things that are on its course, it is needless to remonstrate it. Things that are past, it is needless to pursue past mistakes.
Verse 22 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“管仲之器小哉！” 或曰：“管仲俭乎？”曰：“管仲有三归，官事不摄，焉得俭？” “然则管仲知礼乎？”曰：“邦君树塞门，管氏亦树塞门。邦君为两君之好，有反坫，管氏亦有反坫。管氏而知礼，孰不知礼？”
Modern: 孔子说：“管仲(一)的器量真小。” 有人说：“管仲不是很俭朴吗？” 孔子道：“管仲有三处家，各处各项职事都设有专人，哪算俭朴？” “那么管仲知礼吗？” 孔子又道：“国君在大门外有屏风，管仲家大门外也有屏风。君主互相对饮用坫(二)，管仲宴客也用坫。若说管仲知礼，还有谁不知礼？”
English: Confucius said:"Guan Zhong (1) is very petty." Someone said:"Wasn't Guan Zhong frugal?" Confucius replied:" He has three houses and attendants only work on the scope assigned, how could that be frugal?" "So does Guan Zhong knows the rites?" Confucius said:" The Lord has screens at his doors, Guan Zhong also have screens for his doors as well. The Lord use cup stands at feasts, Guan Zhong also uses cup stands as well. If Guan Zhong knows the rites, then who does not?"
Verse 23 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子语鲁大师乐，曰：“乐其可知也：始作，翕如也；从之，纯如也，皦如也，绎如也，以成。”
Modern: 孔子对鲁国太师官(一)说：“乐的演奏全程是可知的。一开始，是这样地振奋，跟着是这样地纯一而和谐，又是这样地清楚而明亮，又是这样地连绵而流走，乐便是这样完成的。”
English: Confucius talked of music to the Grand Musician of the State of Lu, saying:" The whole process of music is this. Initially, it is stirringly in unison. As it continues, it becomes harmonious, clear and flows continuously till its finale."
Verse 24 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 仪封人请见，曰：“君子之至于斯也，吾未尝不得见也。”从者见之。出曰：“二三子何患于丧乎？天下之无道也久矣，天将以夫子为木铎。”
Modern: 卫国仪邑的封疆官，请见于孔子，说：“一向有贤人过此，我没有不见的。”孔子的弟子们领他去见孔子。他出后，对孔子的弟子们说：“诸位，何必忧虑你们先生的失位呢？天下无道久了，天意将把你们先生当做木铎(一)。
English: A border official of Yi (1) asked to see Confucius, saying:"I always meet any gentleman that passes by here." The students of Confucius brought the official to Confucius. Upon finishing the meeting, he said:" Why worry that your teacher is not able to gain office? The Heaven has lost its Way and Heaven will use your teacher as the bell(2)."
Verse 25 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子谓《韶》：“尽美矣，又尽善也。”谓《武》：“尽美矣，未尽善也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“《韶》(一)乐十分的美，又十分的善；《武》(二)乐，十分的美，但还未善。”
English: Confucius considered Shao(1) music as perfectly beautiful and good but considered the Wu (2) music as perfectly beautiful but not perfectly good.
Verse 26 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 3
Original: 子曰：“居上不宽，为礼不敬，临丧不哀，吾何以观之哉？”
Modern: 孔子说：“身居高位，却不宽容；行礼时，能畢恭畢敬；参加丧礼，却不悲哀，还有什么可观呢？”
English: Confucius said:"What can I find worthy of note for a man, when in high position lacks tolerance, perform rites without reverence and mourn without sorrow?"

Chapter 4, 里仁
Verse 1 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“里仁为美。择不处仁，焉得知。”
Modern: 孔子说：“人能居于仁道，那是最好的。若选择不居于仁道，那就不知。”
English: Confucius said:"To live among benevolence is good. To choose not to be within benevolence, its consequences I do not know."
Verse 2 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“不仁者，不可以久处约，不可以长处乐。仁者安仁，知者利仁。
Modern: 孔子说：“不仁的人，将不能就处在困约中，亦不能就处在逸乐中。有仁德的人安心处于仁道，有智慧的人因为处于仁道而得利。”
English: Confucius said:"Those that are not benevolent, cannot endure adversity for long, cannot be happy for long.The benevolent are at ease with benevolence whilst the wise will profit from being benevolent."
Verse 3 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“唯仁者能好人，能恶人。”
Modern: 孔子说：“只有有仁德的人才会公正地喜欢人，公正的讨厌人。”
English: Confucius said:" Only the benevolent is capable of truly love or hate a person."
Verse 4 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“苟志于仁矣，无恶也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“认真立志行仁道，就不会作恶。”
English: Confucius said:"If a man sets his heart on benevolence, he will not do evil."
Verse 5 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“富与贵，是人之所欲也；不以其道得之，不处也。贫与贱，是人之所恶也；不以其道得之，不去也。君子去仁，恶乎成名？君子无终食之间违仁，造次必于是，颠沛必于是。”
Modern: 孔子说：“富与贵，人人都想要；不用正道取得，就不接受。贫与贱，人人都厌恶；不用正道避免，就不逃避。君子离开仁道，又怎么能称得上是君子？君子没有一顿饭的时间违背仁道；在危急时也一样，在困乏时也一样。”
English: Confucius said:"Riches and power are every man's desire. If attaining them is not by legitimate means, then do not accept them. Poverty and lowliness are every man's dislike. If staying away from them is by illegimate means, then do not stay away them. If the gentleman stay away from benevolence, then can he be called a gentleman at all? A gentleman does not deviate from benevolence for one moment at all. Not even in any dangerous crisis or in difficult situation. "
Verse 6 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“我未见好仁者，恶不仁者。好仁者，无以尚之；恶不仁者，其为仁矣，不使不仁者加乎其身。有能一日用其力于仁矣乎？我未见力不足者。盖有之矣，我未之见也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“我没有见过喜好于仁的人和憎恶于不仁的人。若喜好于仁，他会觉得世上没有事物能胜过于仁；若憎恶于不仁，那他也是仁人，因为它不让那些不仁的事物加在他身上。有人能化一天之力用在仁上吗？我未见过力有不足者。若有，我还未见过。
English: Confucius said:"I have yet to meet a man who loves benevolence or a man who detest what is not benevolent. To the man who loves benevolence, nothing surpass benevolence. To the man who detest what is not benevolent, he himself is benevolent because he prevents what is not benevolent from attaching to him. Is there a man who, for the space of a single day, is able to devote all his strength to benevolence? I have not come across such a man whose strength proves insufficient.And if there are such cases, I have not come across them as yet.'
Verse 7 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“人之过也，各于其党。观过，斯知仁矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“人的过失，各有类别。只观其人之过失处，便知其人心中仁的分数了。”
English: Confucius said:"In his errors a man is true to type. Observe the errors and you will know the man."
Verse 8 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“朝闻道，夕死可矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“早上听到道，即使当晚去世，也无憾。”
English: Confucius said:"One has not lived in vain if he dies after he is told of the Way."
Verse 9 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“士志于道，而耻恶衣恶食者，未足与议也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“一个人立志于道，却因穿不好，吃不好，而可耻。这种人还值得和他谈论吗？”
English: Confucius said:"If someone aspires to seek the Way, but is ashamed of how he dress and what he eats, is not worthy of discussion."
Verse 10 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“君子之于天下也，无适也，无莫也，义之与比。”
Modern: 孔子说：“君子对于天下事，不会绝对肯定，也不会绝对否定，只以义理为标准。”
English: Confucius said:"The gentleman, in his dealings with the world, is not invariably for or against anything. He uses moral as a ruler of measure instead."
Verse 11 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“君子怀德，小人怀土；君子怀刑，小人怀惠。”
Modern: 孔子说：“君子关心品德，小人关心土地；君子关心刑法，小人关心恩惠。”
English: Confucius said:"The gentleman embrace virtue, the non-gentleman sets his heart on land. The gentleman embrace the law, the non-gentleman sets his heart on privileges."
Verse 12 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“放于利而行，多怨。”
Modern: 孔子说：“依照利益来行事，会招致许多怨言。”
English: Confucius said:"Conduct guided by profit will lead to much complaint."
Verse 13 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“能以礼让为国乎，何有？不能以礼让为国，如礼何？”
Modern: 孔子说：“能够以礼仪谦让来治国，那还有什么困难？不能以礼仪谦让来治国，那礼仪还有用处吗？”
English: Confucius said:" If a state is ruled by rites and deference, what difficulties would there be? If a state cannot be ruled by rites and deference, then of what use are the rites?"
Verse 14 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“不患无位，患所以立；不患莫己知，求为可知也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“不要愁得不到职位，只自己可否有能力立于职位上；不愁没人欣赏我，只求做到可以让人欣赏。”
English: Confucius said:"Do not be concerned about being without an official position, but be concerned about your whether you can qualify for it. Do not be concerned when not appreciated, but seek what can make others appreciate you."
Verse 15 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“参乎！吾道一以贯之。”曾子曰：“唯。”子出，门人问曰：“何谓也？曾子曰：“夫子之道，忠恕而已矣！”
Modern: 孔子说：“曾参啊！我平日所讲的道，能用一个头绪来贯串。”曾子应道：“唯。”孔子走后，在座学生问道：“是什么能贯串？” 曾子解释：“先生之道，就是「忠」和「恕」。”
English: Confucius said:"Sheng, the Way that I advocate has one unifying principle." Zeng Zi replied:"Yes." After Confucius departed, the other disciples asked Zeng Zi:"What is the principle?" Zeng Zi replied:"The Way that Master advocated is simply loyalty and forgiveness."
Verse 16 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“君子喻于义，小人喻于利。”
Modern: 孔子说：“君子了解义理，小人了解利益。
English: Confucius said:"The gentleman understands righteousness, the non-gentleman understands benefits."
Verse 17 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“遇见贤人，应当思量怎样跟他看齐；见到不贤人，应当自我反省，莫要自己和他一般。”
English: Confucius said:"Meet the virtuous and think how to be their match. Meet those not virtuous and use it to do self-evaluation."
Verse 18 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“事父母，几谏，见志不从，又敬不违，劳而不怨。”
Modern: 孔子说：“子女侍奉父母，要委婉劝谏；见到他们不依从你的意愿，仍旧要尊敬他们，而且不违逆；提他们效劳，却不埋怨。”
English: Confucius said:"In serving parents, make suggestion tactfully. If you see your advice being ignored, you should not become disobedient but should remain reverent. And serve them whole-heartedly, without complain."
Verse 19 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“父母在，不远游，游必有方。”
Modern: 孔子说：“父母在时，不作远行，即使有必要，也该有一定的地方。”
English: Confucius said:"While your parents are alive, do not journey afar. If a journey has to be made, your direction must be told."
Verse 20 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“三年无改于父之道，可谓孝矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“在三年内能不改他父亲生时所为，这也算是孝。”
English: Confucius said:"If after three years, the father's way has not changed, he could be considered filial piety."
Verse 21 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“父母之年，不可不知也。一则以喜，一则以惧。”
Modern: 孔子说：“父母的年龄，不可以不知道，一方面替他们高兴，另一方面替他们担忧。”
English: Confucius said:"A man should not be ignorant of the age of parents, for joy on one hand and for concern on the other."
Verse 22 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“古者言之不出，耻躬之不逮也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“古人不肯轻易出言，因为怕自己的行为追不上所言，招致羞耻。”
English: Confucius said:"In ancient times, men hesitated to speak, for if their conduct fall short of what is said, it would be shameful."
Verse 23 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“以约失之者鲜矣！”
Modern: 孔子说：“因为约束自己而有差失，少见呀。”
English: Confucius said:"It is rare for a man to miss the mark through restraining himself."
Verse 24 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“君子欲讷于言而敏于行。”
Modern: 孔子说：“君子希望言语迟缓，行动快捷。”
English: Confucius said:"A gentleman wishes to be slow to speak but quick to act."
Verse 25 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
Original: 子曰：“德不孤，必有邻。”
Modern: 孔子说:“有德之人，绝不孤立，必有来亲近他的人。”
English: Confucius said:"With virtue there is no solitude, only companionship."
Verse 26 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 4
English: Zi You said:"To be importunate(1) with one's lord will lead to humiliation. To be importunate with one's friends will lead to estrangement.'
Modern: 子游说：“侍君过于烦琐，会招致侮辱；对待朋友过于烦琐，会招疏远。”
Original: 子游曰：“事君数，斯辱矣；朋友数，斯疏矣。”

Chapter 5, 公冶长
Verse 1 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子谓公冶长：“可妻也，虽在缧绁(三)之中，非其罪也！”以其子妻之。
子谓南容，“邦有道，不废；邦无道，免于刑戮。”以其兄之子妻之。
Modern: 孔子谈到公冶长(一)，道：“可嫁他一女，他虽然下过牢狱，但不是他的罪过。”于是把女儿嫁给他。
孔子谈到南容(二)，道：“国家有道，他不会被废弃;国家无道，他可避过刑法杀戮。”于是把子女嫁给他。
English: Confucius said of Gong Ye Chang(1):"Can betroth my daughter to him,although he was tied with black rope(2), it was not his crime." He married his daughter to Gong Ye Chang.
Confucius said of Nan Rong(3):"When the state has the Way, he is not abandoned. When the state does not follow the Way, he is free from punishment and persecution."He married his elder brother's daughter to him.
Verse 2 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子谓子贱，“君子哉若人！鲁无君子者，斯焉取斯？”
Modern: 孔子谈到子贱(一)，道：“子贱真是一个君子啊！如果有人说鲁国没有君子，哪里又能找到这样的君子呢？”
English: Confucius said of Zi Jian(1):"This man is indeed a gentleman. If someone said the State of Lu (2) has on gentleman, his existence proves otherwise."
Verse 3 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子贡问曰：“赐(二)也何如？”子曰：“女，器也。” 曰：“何器也？” 曰：“瑚琏也。”
Modern: 子贡问道：“我这个人怎么样？” 孔子答道：“你像个器皿。” “像哪一个器皿？” “像瑚琏(一)。”
English: Zi Gong asked:"What do yout think of me?" Confucius replied:"You are a vessel." "Which vessel?" "A Hu Lian(1)."
Verse 4 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 或曰：“雍也仁而不佞。”子曰：“焉用佞？御人以口给，屡憎于人。不知其仁，焉用佞？”
Modern: 有人说：“冉雍(一)虽有仁德，但不善言辞。” 孔子说：“何必一定得善于言辞呢？善于言辞而在人们间搬弄是非，必然常常惹人讨厌。做人如果不懂得修养仁德，有好口才又有何用？”
English: Someone said:" Yong(1) is benevolent but not an artful speaker." Confucius said:"What need is there for him to be a artful speaker. Being an artful speaker but creating ill will among people will incur other people's detest. If one is not benevolent, of what use is it of being an artful speaker?"
Verse 5 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子使漆雕开仕。对曰：“吾斯之未能信。”子说。
Modern: 孔子叫漆雕开(一)去做官。漆雕开答道：“我还没这个信心。” 孔子听了后很高兴。
English: Confucius asked Qi Diao Kai (1) to assume public office. Qi Diao Kai replied:"I do not have enough confidence to assume office." Confucius on hearing his answer was pleased.
Verse 6 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“道不行，乘桴浮于海。从我者，其由与？”子路闻之喜。子曰：“由也好勇过我，无所取材。”
Modern: 孔子说：“我的主张如果不被当政者实行，我就乘坐着竹木筏子，泛游海外。能够跟从我的，到时只有仲由(一)吧？” 子路听后十分高兴。孔子接着道：“只是仲由武勇好义胜于我，但是却不善于裁度事理。”
English: Confucius said:"If my doctrines make no headway with politicians, I will get upon a raft and float about on the sea. The one who will follow me, would no doubt be Zi Lu?" On hearing this, Zi Lu was very pleased. Confucius continued:"Zi Lu is more courageos than me but he lacks judgement."
Verse 7 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 孟武伯问：“子路仁乎？” 子曰：“不知也。”又问。子曰：“由也，千乘之国，可使治其赋也，不知其仁也。”
“求也何如？”子曰：“求也，千室之邑，百乘之家，可使为之宰也，不知其仁也。”
“赤也何如？”子曰：“赤也，束带立于朝，可使与宾客言也，不知其仁也。”
Modern: 孟武伯(一)问：“子路是有仁德的人吗？” 孔子答道：“我不知道。” 孟武伯又再问。孔子说：“仲由，一个拥有千粮兵车的国家，可以任用他率领军队，但是我不知道他是否有仁德啊。”
孟武伯问：“冉求这个人怎么样？” 孔子答道：“冉求呀，对于有千家居民的城邑或百辆兵车的卿大夫之家，可以让他管理，但是我不知道他是否有仁德。”
孟武伯问：“公西赤(二)怎么样？” 孔子答道：“公西赤呀，穿起礼服，束起绅带(三)，仪表端庄立于朝廷中，可以让他接待宾客，办理交涉，应对得体自如，但是我不知道他是否有仁德。”
English: Meng Wu Bo (1) asked:"Is Zi Lu benevolent and moral?" Confucius replied:"I do not know." Meng Wu Bo repeated the question. Confucius replied:"You can be employed to manage the military reponsibilities of a state that has a thousand chariots, but I do not know whether he is benevolent and moral."
Meng Wu Bo asked:"What about Ran Qiu(2)?" Confucius replied:"He could be employed to head a city of a thousand households or run the feudal family household, but I do not know whether he is benevolent and moral."
Meng Wu Bo asked:"What about Gong Xi Chi(2)?" Confucius replied:" When he puts on his sash (3) and takes his place in court, he can be given the responsibility of conversing and entertaining guests, but I do not know whether he is benevolent and moral."
Verse 8 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子谓子贡曰：“女与回也孰愈？”对曰：“赐也何敢望回？回也闻一以知十，赐也闻一以知二。”子曰：“弗如也。吾与女弗知也。”
Modern: 孔子问子贡：“你与颜回，谁比较优秀？” 子贡答道：“我又哪里敢奢望与颜回相比？颜回听到一点就能推知十点，而我听到一点就只能推知两点。” 孔子说：“的确比不上，我和你的确比不上。”
English: Confucius asked Zi Gong:"Who is better, you or Yan Hui?" Zi Gong replied:"How can I even think of of comparing myself to Yan Hui? On hearing the same thing, I can only deduce two points while he is able to deduce ten points." Confucius continued:" You are right, neither of us are his equal."
Verse 9 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 宰予昼寝。子曰：“朽木不可雕也，粪土之墙不可朽也；于予与何诛？”
子曰：“始吾于人也，听其言而信其行；今吾于人也，听其言而观其行。于予与改是。”
Modern: 宰予大白天睡觉。孔子说：“朽烂的木头，不可能雕刻出精美的饰物；粪土筑的墙壁，不可能粉刷出好样子。对于宰予还能有什么要求？”
孔子说：“先前我对待别人，听他的话便信他的行为；现在我对待别人，重视他的言语，更重视他的行为。这是由于宰予，而使我改变想法。”
English: Zai Yu was napping during the day. Confucius said:"Neither a piece of rotten wood nor a wall of dried dung can be turned into something beautiful. As such, what more can I ask from Zai Yu?"
Confucius said:"I used to take a man at his words and trust he would act accordingly. But now, after seeing Zai Yu, I listen to a man's words and note his actions."
Verse 10 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“吾未见刚者。”或对曰：“申枨。”子曰：“枨也欲，焉得刚。”
Modern: 孔子说：“我还未见过一个刚毅不屈的人。” 有人答道：“申枨(1)就是刚毅不屈。” 孔子道：“申枨有很多嗜好和欲望，怎么能够做到刚毅不屈呢？”
English: Confucius said:"I have yet to meet a man who is resolute." Someone replied:"Shen Cheng." Confucius commented:"Cheng is full of desires, how can he be resolute?"
Verse 11 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子贡曰：“我不欲人之加诸我也，吾亦欲无加诸人。”子曰：“赐也，非尔所及也。”
Modern: 子贡说：“我不希望别人把担子加在我身上。我也不希望把担子加在他人身上。” 孔子说：“端木赐，这不是你所能够做得到呀。”
English: Zi Gong said:" I do not wish to be imposed by others, nor do I wish to impose upon others." Confucius said:"Ci, that is beyond you."
Verse 12 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子贡曰：“夫子之文章，可得而闻也；夫子之言性与天道，不可得而闻也。”
Modern: 子贡说：“先生的文章可以得到而学习；先生对于人性与天理的彻悟，我们却无从听到。”
English: Zi Gong said:"We can read and learn from Master's literary works but one cannot get to hear the Master's thoughts on human nature and the Way of Heaven."
Verse 13 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子路有闻，未之能行，唯恐有闻。
Modern: 子路听到好的德行，必定付诸行动。如果没有付诸行动，唯恐听到新的善行。
English: Before Zi Lu can practise something he has just heard, the only thing he is afraid of is to be told of more.
Verse 14 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子贡问曰：“孔文子何以谓之‘文’也？”子曰：“敏而好学，不耻下问，是以谓之‘文’也。”
Modern: 子贡问：“孔文子(一)凭什么谥(二)为‘文’？” 孔子说：“聪敏好学，又能虚心向地位低于自己的人求教，而不感到羞耻，因此谥号可用‘文’。”
English: Zi Gong asked:"Why was Kong Wen Zi (1) called 'Wen' (2)?" Confucius replied:"He was quick and devoted to learning, and not ashamed to asked those below him. That is why he is called 'Wen'
Verse 15 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子谓子产：“有君子之道四焉：其行己也恭，其事上也敬，其养民也惠，其使民也义。”
Modern: 孔子谈到子产(一)说：“他有四方面合乎君子之道：行事为人恭恭敬敬；侍奉上级兢兢业业；治理政务，惠泽百姓；征用百姓符合义理。”
English: Confucius said of Zi Chan(1) :"He has four areas befitting that of a gentleman.He is courteous in his conduct. He is respectful of the person he is serving. He is generous towards the people and in employing them, was just."
Verse 16 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“晏平仲善与人交，久而敬之。”
Modern: 孔子说：“晏平仲(一)很好相处，与其交往，时间越久，越令人钦佩。”
English: Confucius said:"Yan Ping Zhong(1) is good at dealing with people. The more we interact, the greater the respect I have for him."
Verse 17 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“臧文仲居蔡，山节藻棁，何如其知也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“臧文仲(一)收藏蔡这种大龟的房子，里头有山形斗栱，藻纹梁柱；他还算聪明？”
English: Confucius said:"Zang Wen Zhong(1) kept a 'Cai' in a house whose arches has landscape scenery and beams with seaweed pattern carved into it. What can be said of his wisdom?"
Verse 18 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子张问曰：“令尹子文三仕为令尹，无喜色；三已之，无愠色。旧令尹之政，必以告新令尹。何如？”子曰：“忠矣。”曰：“仁矣乎？”曰：“未知，焉得仁？”
“崔子弑齐君，陈文子有马十乘，弃而违之。至于他邦，则曰：‘犹吾大夫崔子也。’违之。之一邦，则又曰：‘犹吾大夫崔子也。’违之。何如？” 子曰：“清矣。”曰： “仁矣乎？”曰：“未知，焉得仁？”
Modern: 子张问：“令尹子文三次出任令尹(一) 之职，没有得意的神态；三次被罢免，也没有露出懊恼和愠怒的脸色；必定把自己当令尹时的政事，移交新的令尹，您以为如何？” 孔子答：“这是忠臣的行为。” 子张又问：“那么有认仁德吗？” “不得而知，只是敬忠职守，哪里可称得上仁德？”
子张问：“崔子(二)弑杀齐国君主。陈文子(二)有兵车十辆，但却遗弃他的君主，不战而逃，去到别的国家，说：‘这里的执政者如同我们国家的崔杼。’ 便离去。到另一个国家也是如此。您以为陈文子这个人怎么样？” 孔子答：“陈文子是清白的。” 子张又问：“那么有认仁德吗？” “无从而知，他洁身去乱，是清白的，但是哪里可称得上仁德？”
English: Zi Zhang asked:"On the three occasions when Zi Wen assumed the post of Ling Yin(1), he showed no signs of joy. On the three occasions when he is dismissed, he show no signs of anger or pertubation. He would always brief the new Ling Yin on the work.What do you say of him?" Confucius replied:"A loyal official indeed." Zi Zhang asked:"Is he benevolent then?" Confucius replied:"I do not know, all I know is, he does his best. Where can we reference that he is benevolent?"
Zi Zhang asked:"When Cui Zi(2) assassinated the Lord of Qi, Chen Wen Zi(2) who had ten war chariots, abandoned from his office and departed. Upon arriving in another state, he said:'The officials are just the same as our Cui Zi.' then he departed. He did the same thing on arriving in another state.What do you say of him?" Confucius replied:"Chen Wen Zi is innocent." Zi Zhang asked:"Is he benevolent then?" Confucius replied:"There is no way we can know. He was able to distance himself from chaos, but I see no behavior that I can reference as benevolent."
Verse 19 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 季文子三思而后行。子闻之，曰：“再，斯可矣。”
Modern: 季文子(一) 每间事都经过多次深思熟虑，才付诸行动。孔子说：“只须再次思考，就可以了。”
English: Ji Wen Zi(1) always thinks through many times before he acted. Confucius said:"Twice would be enough."
Verse 20 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“宁武子，邦有道，则知；邦无道，则愚。其知可及也，其愚不可及也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“宁武子(一)在国家政事清明的时候，显得有智慧；国家政事历乱的时候，则显得不明智。他的智慧人人可及，但其愚昧却不是仍何人可及。”
English: Confucius said:"Ning Wu Zi (1) is wise when politics are in order, but dull-witted when the politics are in chaos. His wisdom could be equalled, but his dull-wittedness is unparallelled."
Verse 21 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子在陈，曰：“归与！归与！吾党(一)之小子狂简，斐然成章，不知所以裁之。”
Modern: 孔子在陈国，说：“该回去了！该回去了！故乡的年轻人，志大意远，但是行为粗疏狂放，虽然文采斐然，却不知如何持守中正，亟待指点栽培。”
English: Confucius was at State of Chen. He said:"Let us return. The young people in our hometown has great ambitions, yet unpolished. Indeed they have some accomplishments but need proper guidance."
Verse 22 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“伯夷、叔齐，不念旧恶，怨是用希。”
Modern: 孔子说：“伯夷和叔齐(一) 不计较过去的仇恨，别人对他们的怨恨也就少了。”
English: Confucius said:"Bo Yi and Shu Qi (1) bore no grudges, thus they incurred little ill will."
Verse 23 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“孰谓微生高直？或乞醯(二)焉，乞诸其邻而与之。”
Modern: 孔子说：“谁说微生高{fn(一)}}正直？有人向他讨醋，他便向邻居讨来，当是自己借给别人。”
English: Confucius said:"Who said Wei Sheng Gao(1) is honest? When someone asked him for vinegar, he in turn asked a neighbour for it and gave it in his name."
Verse 24 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“巧言，令色，足恭，左丘明耻之，丘亦耻之。匿怨而友其人，左丘明耻之，丘亦耻之。”
Modern: 孔子说：“说话花言巧语，满脸伪善的神色，对人过份恭敬，左丘明(一)认为可耻，我亦认为可耻。内心深藏怨恨，表面却与人友好，左丘明认为此行为可耻，我亦认为可耻。”
English: Confucius said:"Sweet talking, pretentious and excessive courtesy are considered shameful to Zuo Qiu Ming(1). I have the same sentiments. To harbor grudges against someone and yet befriend him is considered shameful to Zuo Qiu Ming. My sentiments as well."
Verse 25 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 颜渊、季路侍。子曰：“盍各言尔志。”
子路曰：“愿车马衣轻裘，与朋友共，敝之而无憾。” 颜渊曰：“愿无伐善，无施劳。”
子路曰：“愿闻子之志。” 子曰：“老者安之，朋友信之，少者怀之。”
Modern: 颜渊和季路在旁侍候。孔子道：“各自说说自己的志向吧。”
子路说：“我希望跟朋友共享车马和衣服，即使用坏了也不遗憾。” 颜渊说：“我不希望夸耀自己的长处，不宣扬自己的功劳。”
子路说：“我希望能听听老师的志向。” 孔子说：“我希望能使老人生活安定，使朋友互相信任，使年幼得到照顾。”
English: Yan Yuan and Zi Lu were in attendance. Confucius asked:"Why not tell me your resolution."
Zi Lu said:"I wish to share my horse carriage, clothes and fur with my friend, and have no regret when they are damaged." Yan Yuan said:"I wish not to boast my strength and achievements."
Zi Lu said:"Can we know what is your resolution?" Confucius said:"Helping the aged to lead a comfortable and stable life, creating trust among friends, making sure care are given to the young."
Verse 26 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“已矣乎，吾未见能见其过而内自讼者也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“算了吧！我还没有见过一个人，能够看见自己的过失，而且还能自我检讨。”
English: Confucius said:"I do not think there is. I have yet to see a man who realise his fault and censure himself."
Verse 27 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 5
Original: 子曰：“十室之邑，必有忠信如丘者焉，不如丘之好学也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“即使是十户人家的小村落，必能找到忠诚守信如我一样，但却难找到学习热忱如我一样。”
English: Confucius said:"In a village of ten households, there will be men who are as loyal and trustworthy as me, but it is difficult to find one whose devotion to learning is equal to mine."

Chapter 6, 雍也
Verse 1 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“雍也，可使南面(二)。” 仲弓问子桑伯子。子曰：“可也，简。” 仲弓曰：“居敬而行简，以临其民，不亦可乎？居简而行简，无乃大简乎？”子曰：“雍之言然！ ”
Modern: 孔子说：“冉雍，可以承担治理国家重任。” 仲弓请教孔子对桑伯子(一) 的行事风格的评价可否效法。孔子说：“可以，他政事简明，不烦扰百姓。” 仲弓进一步问道：“平时严谨自律，敬事职责,政事清明简要快捷，用这种办法治理百姓，不也是可以吗？如果平时简单潦草，存心轻率、简慢，不尽职守。因而行动散漫，失去法度。岂不是简疏懈怠的太过份？” 孔子答：“你说得对。”
English: Confucius said:"Ran Yong can be tasked with running the country." Zhong Gong then asked if Sang Bo Zi(1) can be given the same task. Confucius said:" Yes, because of his forthrightness." Zhong Gong continued asking:"If one were disciplined to handle task fast and forthright, is it acceptable? If one handle task too fast but sloppy, and does not do his best. In the end lost the integrity of the system, would that not be too direct, would that not be acceptable?" Confucius said:"You are right."
Verse 2 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 哀公问：“弟子孰为好学？”孔子对曰：“有颜回者好学，不迁怒，不贰过。不幸短命死矣。今也则亡，未闻好学者也。”
Modern: 鲁哀公问：“你教导的学生中，哪个热心向学？” 孔子回答，说：“有一位叫颜回的热心向学。他从来不迁怒于别人，也不会重犯同一个错误。可是不幸的是他短命死了，现在再没有听闻像他那样热心好学的人了。”
English: Duke Ai of State of Lu asked Confucius:"Which of your disciples is eager to learn?" Confucius replied:"There was Yan Hui who was eager to learn. He neither vent his anger on others nor repeat his mistakes. Unfortunately, he died at a young age. Now I have yet to hear anyone who is eager to learn."
Verse 3 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子华使于齐，冉子为其母请粟。子曰：“与之釜。”请益。曰：“与之庾。”冉子与之粟五秉。子曰：“赤之适齐也，乘肥马，衣轻裘。吾闻之也：君子周急不继富。”
原思为之宰，与之粟九百，辞。子曰：“毋！以与尔邻里乡党乎。”
Modern: 子华(一)出使齐国。冉子替子华的母亲请求米粮。孔子说：“给他一釜(二)。” 冉子请求增加。孔子说：“给他一庚(三)。” 冉子缺给子华的母亲五秉(四)。孔子说：“公西赤出使齐国的时候，坐着肥马拉的车，穿着皮裘。我听古人说：‘君子周济急需帮助的人，不会接济富有的人。”
原思(五)当孔子家的总管，孔子给他薪酬九百量(六)米粮。原思不肯接受而辞谢。孔子说：“不必推辞，多余就拿来接济你穷困的乡邻吧。”
English: Zi Hua(1) went on a mission to the State of Qi. Ran Zi requested for grain on behalf of Zi Hua's mother. Confucius said:"Give her one 'Fu'(2)." Ran Zi requested for more. Confucius said:" Give her one 'Geng'(3)." In the end Ran Zi gave five 'Bing'(4) to Zi Hua's mother. On hearing this, Confucius commented:"Zi Hua went to the State of Qi, clothed in furs and in a carriage drawn by well fed horse. I have heard that a gentleman should help the needy and not the rich."
Yuan Si(5) was the steward for Confucius' family. Confucius paid him nine hundred measures (6) of grain which he declined. Confucius said to him:" Do not decline, just distribute the extras to your poor neighbours."
Verse 4 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子谓仲弓曰：“犁牛之子骍且角。虽欲勿用，山川其舍诸？”
Modern: 孔子谈到仲弓说：“杂色毛耕牛的幼犊长着赤色的毛，整齐的角，虽然有人不愿用它作牺牲来祭祀，但是山川的神明会舍弃它吗？”
English: Confucius said of Zhong Gong:"If the calf of a brindled cow has a pure sorrel coat and well-formed horns, would the gods of mountain and river forgo it even if men has reservations about its suitability?"
Verse 5 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“回也，其心三月不违仁，其余则日月至焉而已矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“颜回呀，他能够长期做到不违背仁义。其余的学生只能在短时间做到仁罢了。”
English: Confucius said:"Yan Hui is able to consistently practice benevolence，but others can practice benevolent by fits and starts."
Verse 6 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 季康子问：“仲由可使从政也与？”子曰：“由也果，于从政乎何有？” 曰：“赐也可使从政也与？”曰：“赐也达，于从政乎何有？” 曰：“求也可使从政也与？”曰：“求也艺，于从政乎何有？”
Modern: 季康子(一)问：“仲由可办理好政事吗？” 孔子答：“仲由做事果断，办理政事又有何难？” 季康子问：“端木赐也可以办理好政事吗？” 孔子答：“仲由做事灵活练达，办理政事又有何难？” 季康子问：“冉求也可参与政事的治理吗？” 孔子答：“冉求多才多艺，治理政事又有何难？”
English: Ji Kang Zi(1) asked:"Is Zhong You(2) suitable for public office?" Confucius replied:"Zhong You is resolute and decisive. What difficulties could there be in public office?" "Is Duan Mu Chi(2) suitable for public office as well?" Confucius replied:"Duan Mu Chi is very understanding, What difficulties could there be in public office?" "What about Ran Qiu(2)? Is he suitable as well?" Confucius replied:"Ran Qiu is skilful, What difficulties could there be in public office?"
Verse 7 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 季氏使闵子骞为费宰。闵子骞曰：“善为我辞焉！如有复我者，则吾必在汶上矣。”
Modern: 季氏派人请闵子骞(一)治理费(二)邑。闵子骞对使者说：“请你替我好好辞谢。再来请我的话，我必定会避往汶水北岸。”
English: Ji Shi send an offer to Min Zi Qian(1), making him the steward of 'Fei'(2). Min Zi Qian said:"Please decline the offer politely on my behalf. If the offer is made again, I will move to River Wen."
Verse 8 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 伯牛有疾，子问之，自牖执其手，曰：“亡之，命矣夫！斯人也而有斯疾也！斯人也而有斯疾也！”
Modern: 冉伯牛(一)生病，孔子去探问，从窗口握着他的手，道：“无可救治了吗？这是命理注定呀。这样的人却得了如此的病！上天不悯，让这样的人得了如此的病！”
English: Ran Bo Niu(1) was seriously ill. Confucius visited him and held his hand through a window and said:"Is there really no cure? Such is destiny. But why he got such an illness? Why?"
Verse 9 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“贤哉回也！一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷，人不堪其忧，回也不改其乐。贤哉回也！”
Modern: 孔子说：“颜回(一)贤明呀！一小竹筒饭，一瓢水，住在简陋的街巷里，别人不能忍受这种生活的忧苦，颜回却能一直保持乐观。颜回果真是贤明之士。”
English: Confucius said:" Yan Hui(1) is virtuous.One bamboo bowl, one gourd of water, living in a sparse alley. Others cannot bear such hardship, but Yan Hui is able to be always happy. He is indeed virtuous."
Verse 10 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 冉求曰：“非不说子之道，力不足也。”子曰：“力不足者，中道而废，今女画。”
Modern: 冉求说：“并非不悦服先生的道德学说，只是自感力不从心。” 孔子说：“真正力不从心、欲进而不能的人，才半途而废。现在，你这是画地为牢，自我局限。”
English: Ran Qiu said:"It is not that I am not pleased with Master's teaching, just that I feel incapable of carrying it out well." Confucius said:"Only a man who feels he is absolute incapable, will fall out along the course. But in your case, you are only self-limiting."
Verse 11 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子谓子夏曰：“女为君子儒，无为小人儒。”
Modern: 孔子告诫子夏道：“你应该努力做君子式的学者，不要使自己流俗为小人式的市侩。”
English: Confucius said to Zi Xia:"You should strive to behave like a gentleman scholar, not a petty scholar."
Verse 12 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子游为武城宰。子曰：“女得人焉尔乎？”曰：“有澹台灭明者，行不由径，非公事，未尝至于偃之室也。”
Modern: 子游担任武城治理官。孔子说：“你得到有才德的人的辅助吗？” 子游说：“有一位叫澹台灭明(一)的人，他的行为光明磊落，不曲意阿附，没有公务，从来不去邑治长官家拜访。”
English: Zi You became the head official of 'Wu'(1) City. Confucius asked:"Have you found any able man to help you?" Zi You said:" There is Tan Tai Mie Ming(2) who does things aboveboard. He does not come to the head official's house for unofficial matters."
Verse 13 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“孟之反不伐，奔而殿，将入门，策其马，曰：‘非敢后也，马不进也。’”
Modern: 孔子说：“孟之反(一)不夸耀其功绩。出师不利而败退，他殿后撤退，进入城门才鞭策马匹，道：‘不是我担负了后卫的职责走在了后面，只是由于我的马跑得慢。”
English: Confucius said:" Meng Zi Fan(1) does not boast. He was covering the rear during a retreat, and he spur his horse upon entering the city gates and he said:'It is not that I want to cover the rear . It is because my horse is slow.'"
Verse 14 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“不有祝鮀之佞，而有宋朝之美，难乎免于今之世矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“没有祝鮀(一)的敏捷善辩，只有宋朝(二)容貌之美，在当今之世是很难避免灾祸的。”
English: Confucius said:"In this day and age, if one does not have Zhu Tuo's(1) artfulness in speech but has Song Chao's beauty(2), disaster is inevitable."
Verse 15 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“谁能出不由户？ 何莫由斯道也？ ”
Modern: 孔子说：“哪有人走出房子不经过房门？那为何没有人循大道出入呢？”
English: Confucius said:"Who can exit the house without using the door? So why is not everyone following the Way?"
Verse 16 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“质胜文则野，文胜质则史。文质彬彬，然后君子。”
Modern: 孔子说：“质朴信实胜于文采，便显得拙讷呆板。风采翩翩胜过质朴，就未免显得虚浮油滑没有诚意。只有文采斐然而又心地质朴仁厚，才是君子的气质。
English: Confucius said:"When substance overshadows refinement, it is churlish. When refinement overshadows substance, it is pedantry. A well-balanced mixture of both will result in gentleman-liness."
Verse 17 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“人之生也直，罔之生也幸而免。”
Modern: 孔子说：“人能够生存，是因为他正直；不正直的人也能生存，因为他们侥幸避过祸患罢了。”
English: Confucius said:"One is able to lives because he is honest. A man who dupes others is able to survive because he is spared at the moment."
Verse 18 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“知之者，不如好之者；好之者，不如乐之者。”
Modern: 孔子说：“对于一种技艺或知识肤浅的了解不如对此有兴趣爱好的人，有这种兴趣爱好的人又不如以此为乐趣的人。”
English: Confucius said:" To merely know is nothing compared to being interested to know, being interested to know is nothing compared to deriving joy from learning it."
Verse 19 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“中人以上，可以语上也；中人以下，不可以语上也。”
Modern: 孔子说：“资质中等以上的人，可以教他较为高深的学问；资质中等以下的人，是不可以教他较为高深的学问。”
English: Confucius said:"It is possible to speak of lofty subjects to those above average. It is not possible to speak of lofty subjects to those below average.
Verse 20 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 樊迟问知。子曰：“务民之义，敬鬼神而远之，可谓知矣。”
问仁。曰：“仁者先难而后获，可谓仁矣。”
Modern: 樊迟(一) 请教怎样才是明智。孔子曰：“专心致力于应当从事的事情，敬奉鬼神但保持适当的距离，这样便可以说是明智了。”
他又请教怎样才算有仁德。孔子曰：“ 有仁德的人比别人先把难事做好，遇到可获得私利的事情，便腿居人后，这样可以算是有仁德了。”
English: Pan Chi(1) asked Confucius about wisdom. Confucius replied:"Work on what is right, respect the spirts and gods but keep a distance. Such behaviour can be considered wisdom.
Pan Chi asked Confucius what is benevolence. Confucius replied:"Be the first to face difficulties, last to reap benefits. Such behaviour can be considered benevolence."
Verse 21 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“知者乐水，仁者乐山；知者动，仁者静；知者乐，仁者寿。”
Modern: 孔子说：“智慧的人，爱好是广泛的，就像流动的水，智谋勇略变化无穷，而仁德的人对于德行的崇尚坚定如山，巍然屹立；智慧的人对事理勇于实践，而仁德的人对义理静思默云；智慧的人快乐逍遥，仁德的人长寿安泰。”
English: Confucius said:"The wise, like water, is flexible in their thoughts. The benevolent, like the mountain, is resolute in their beliefs. The wise takes actions on matters, while the benevolent thinks through reasoning. The wise is joyful, while the benevolent is long-lived."
Verse 22 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“齐一变，至于鲁；鲁一变，至于道。”
Modern: 孔子说：“齐国的文化风尚经过改革重整，可以达到鲁国现行的水平。鲁国的文化可以发扬光大就可以达到先王制定的文化标准了。”
English: Confucius said:"If State of Qi were to improve their cultural level, it could be equivalent to that of the State of Lu. If the State of Lu were to improve their cultural level, it would be equivalent to the level advocated by the previous Emperors."
Verse 23 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“觚不觚，觚哉！觚哉！”
Modern: 孔子说：“觚(一)，不像个觚的样。这哪里算是觚？这哪里是觚呀！”
English: Confucius said:"A Gu(1) does not look like Gu. Is this really a Gu? How can this be a Gu?"
Verse 24 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 宰我问曰：“仁者，虽告之曰：‘井有仁焉’。其从之也？”子曰：“何为其然也？君子可逝也，不可陷也；可欺也，不可罔也。”
Modern: 宰我问：“要是对一个有仁德的人说：‘井里掉下一个人。’他会跟着跳下去吗？” 孔子答道：“为何要这样做？有仁德的人是可以往救，但是不会陷自己与井中。你可以欺骗有仁德的人，但是他不会遭愚弄。”
English: Zai Wo asked:"If a benevolent man were told that there is a man in the well, would he follow him?" Confucius replied:"Why should he do that? He might go there to rescue the man, but he would not be trapped himself. He can be deceived but cannot be duped."
Verse 25 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“君子博学于文，约之以礼，亦可以弗畔矣夫！”
Modern: 孔子说：“君子广泛的学习传统道德文献，用礼仪来规范自己，其言行也就不可能离经叛道。”
English: Confucius said:"A gentleman studies literatures extensively and observes the rites, thus it is very unlikely it will go astray."
Verse 26 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子见南子，子路不说。夫子矢之曰：“予所否者，天厌之！天厌之！”
Modern: 孔子去见南子(一)。子路不高兴。孔子誓：“我有不是之处，愿上天厌弃我，愿上天厌弃我。”
English: Confucius went to see Nan Zi(1). Zi Lu(2) was not pleased. Confucius swored:"If I have done anything improper, may heaven forsake me! May heaven forsake me!"
Verse 27 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子曰：“中庸之为德也，其至矣乎！民鲜久矣。”
Modern: 孔子说：“中庸作为一种道德标准，应该算是最高了。可惜很久以前，人民已经鲜有品德了。”
English: Confucius said:"The Doctrine of Mean serving as a beacon of virtue, is most appropriate. But alas, virtue is seldom seen in people."
Verse 28 of Analects of Confucius Chapter 6
Original: 子贡曰：“如有博施于民而能济众，何如？可谓仁乎？”子曰：“何事于仁，必也圣乎！尧、舜其犹病诸！夫仁者，己欲立而立人；己欲达而达人。能近取譬，可谓仁之方也已。”
Modern: 子贡说：“如果有人慷慨施于人民，而且众人能够得到周济；您说可以称得上是仁道吗？” 孔子说：“不论做什么事，都能做到仁德，那一定是圣人。就是帝尧帝舜也难做到这地步。有仁德的人，自己希望建树，也帮助别人有所建树；自己希望达到目标，也帮助别人达到目标，能够推己及人，可以称得上是实践仁道的方法了。”
English: Zi Gong(1) said:"If someone is able to help and provide for extensively, to the people. Can it be considered benevolent?" Confucius said:"That is beyond benevolent, it should be called sagacious. Even Yao and Shun (2) found it difficult. The benevolent man establish fore others achievements he wishes for himself, he bring others to reach goals which he wish to achieve for himself. The ability to extend from self to others can be considered in the direction of benevolence."